African
Journals Online
African Journal of Economic Policy
Vol. 8 No. 2, December 2001 & Vol. 9 No. 1, June 2002
Abstracts
Vol.
8. No. 2, December 2001
The
Revenue Impact and Elements of Tax Reforms in Kenya
M. K. Muriithi and E.
D. Moyi
The
broad objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of tax
reforms, undertaken under conditions of unstable macroeconomic
environment, on the overall tax system and tax handles in Kenya, with
a view to identifying the flexibility and responsiveness of the tax
system. Using periodic measures of the income elasticity of tax,
broken down into tax-to-base and base-to-income elasticities, the
study finds that tax reforms in Kenya had a positive but not uniform
impact on the overall tax structure and on the individual tax handles.
Macroeconomic
Effects of Internal Debt Servicing in Cameroon
G. N. Mbanga and F.
Sikod
Cameroon
was one of the developing countries which accumulated internal debt in
addition to its external debt stock in the 80s with profound
implications for the transfer of resources between the private and
public sectors of the economy. The modeling framework of the study
focuses on how domestic debt service payment affects private
investment, and empirically finds that while the internal debt stock
has been inimical to private investment through debt overhang,
internal debt servicing had a positive effect on private investment
through a crowding-in effect.
Regional
Integration, Monetary Arrangements and Exports Performance: A Panel
Data Approach to the Case of Cameroon.
I. Moumba
The
study assesses the impact of monetary arrangements within the CFA zone
and of regional integration on export performance in Cameroon. Using a
gravity model of export supply and demand in reduced form, the study
finds that the CFA monetary arrangement and regional integration
positively affected Cameroon’s export performance. The dummies that
capture both arrangements were positive and significant.
External
Effects of Fiscal Deficits in Kenya
J.
Njeru and J. Randa.
This
study specifically seeks to formulate and analyse the linkages between
fiscal deficits and the external sector focusing on the current
account and the real exchange rate. Its methodology is based on
evaluating the time series properties of the model’s variables. The
study finds that the higher the total government spending as a
proportion of GDP, the more depreciated the domestic currency under
flexible exchange rate regime. In addition, fiscal deficit leads to
current account deficit, implying that private sector absorption is
influenced by fiscal policy stance.
Vol.
9 No. 1. June 2002
Analysis of Poverty
in Rural Areas in Sub-Saharan Africa: Case of Cote D’Ivoire
A. K. Bekouin
The
study seeks to analyse the relationship between the dynamics of
Ivoirean rural setting and poverty, emphasizing the determinants of
poverty among various socio-economic groups. The econometric results
confirm the vulnerability to poverty of the whole rural population,
and identify important factors, such as education, production and few
remuneration-based activities as sources of poverty in rural Cote
D’Ivoire.
On
the Determinants of Child Nutrition among Urban Poor Households in
Uganda: Evidence of Gender Differentials
S. Ssewanyana
The study’s main
objective is to investigate whether there are gender differentials in
the key determinants of child nutrition among urban poor households.
Employing a household production framework that uses a cross-sectional
data of 630 households in Kampala city, the study finds that maternal
education has stronger impact on girls’ long-term nutrition while
boys’ long-term nutrition is influenced by paternal education. Also,
increases in income tend to have a bigger effect on girls’
short-term and medium-term nutrition compared to that of boys.
The
Relative Efficiency of Private and Public Schools: The Case of
Secondary Education of Cameroon.
I. Moumba
Following the adoption
of a new strategy to increase the quantum of resources going to the
education sector in Cameroon, the study assesses the internal
efficiency of its secondary schools with a view to identifying
measures that will enhance the productivity of the additional
resources. The results of the study show that success rates in two
official examinations slightly improved between 1998 and 2001, through
this improvement did not make the success rate more near international
standards.
External
Debt and Private Investment in Cameroon
G. N. Mbanga
The study tests the
hypothesis that external debt service payments have adverse effects on
private investment in Cameroon. The results of the regression model
confirm both the debt overhang and the crowding-out hypothesis of
external debt on private investment.
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