African Journals Online
Nigerian Quarterly Journal of Hospital Medicine

Abstracts (Volume 9 Number 3)

Cardio–Pulmonary Response Of Patients With Sickle Cell Anaemia Disease To Exercise Test

A. O. Sanya, and O. O. Obakin
Department of Physiotherapy
College of Medicine, University of Ibadan
Ibadan, Nigeria

Correspondence: A. O Sanya

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to compare the response of sickle cell anaemia patients with their age-matched counterparts to exercise test. This was to see whether patients with sickle cell disease could be given exercise therapy without any risk of adverse cardio-respiratory response during the course of physical rehabilitation.

A total of 70 subjects participated in the study; 30 of these had Haemoglobin type SS (HBSS-or sickling group) and were aged 18.57+3.06 years. Forty had Haemoglobin AA (HBAA or control group) and were aged 19.33 + 3.02 years. The cardio-pulmonary parameters (systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, pulse rate and respiratory rate) were measured at rest, during exercise and after exercise. The subjects went through step tests at stepping rates of 18 steps per minute and 24 steps per minute.

Mean pulse rate at rest for the control group (HbAA) and HbSS groups were 77.40 + 8.90/min and 95.03 + 9.25/min respectively, while pulse rate at 24 steps/min for the control and HbSS groups were 131.83+9.36/min and 158.60+7.61/min respectively. It was concluded that the response of the sickle-cell anaemia patients to exercise features a relatively high cardiac output manifesting as a higher than expected heart rate for a sub-maximal workload. This shows that the sickle-cell anaemia patients could be easily fatigued and should not be subjected to high physical exertion as their healthy peers. Exercise therapy programme in the course of Physiotherapy for sickle cell anaemia patients must be carefully prescribed, closely monitored and cautiously progressed.

Frequency And Outcome In Aids Patients In A University Teaching Hospital - A Five Year Review

S.A. Ogun, O.O. Adelowo, A.E.A. Jaiyesimi, O.B. Familoni and E.A.O. Fakoya
Department of Medicine,
Ogun State University Teaching Hospital,
Sagamu, Ogun State, Nigeria.

Correspondence: S. A. Ogun

Abstract

This study was carried out as part of a restrospective study on the pattern of in-patient admissions to a tertiary health institution situated in a semi-rural/urban community in Nigeria. It aimed at evaluating the changing frequency of AIDS amongst medical admissions as well as the morbidity and mortality among these patients.

A total of 54 AIDS patients were admitted on the medical wards during the period 1993 to 1997, thus constituting 2.3% of all medical admissions. The frequency increased from 1.0% in 1993 to 7.2% in 1997. Out of the 54 AIDS patients seen, 38 were HIV I and II positive, 11 were HIV I positive and 5 were HIV II positive. There were 37 males and 17 females, giving a male:female ratio of 2:1. The commonest age of presentation was in the 4th decade but a rising trend was observed among females in the second and third decades towards the end of the study. Fifty-one of the study group (94%) were in the lower socio-economic class; 20 were long distance truck drivers/conductors (37%), 16 were inter-state traders (30%), 6 were house-wives (11%) and 4 were retired members of the armed forces (7%). Twenty-nine (54%) of the patients were married, 12 (22%) were single, 9 (17%) were divorcees while the marital status of the remaining 4 patients was not stated. Twenty-one patients (39%) were heterosexuals with multiple sexual partners while 25 (46%) were heterosexuals with single sexual partners. Blood transfusion was the predisposing factor in 6 (11%) of the patients while no obvious predisposing factor was identified in 2 (4%) of the patients. Homosexualism and intravenous drug usage were not reported in any of the subjects.

The presenting features were diarrhoea, chronic weakness, weight loss chronic cough, generalised dermatitis and oesophageal candidoses. Abnormal haematological indices included anaemia, leucocytosis and leucopenia.

Twenty-three patient (42%) died within 6 months of diagnosis in the hospital, 16 (30%) were discharged to Medical/Community medicine out-patient clinic for follow-up, 7 (13%) discharged themselves against medical advice and 8 (15%) were lost to follow-up.

In conclusion, this study demonstrated an increasing frequency and mortality of AIDS among medical in-patients in a tertiary health institution located in a semi - rural area. A community based study would be needed to assess the seriousness of this infection and reflect the efficacy or other wise of current control measures. The association of tuberculosis and HIV infection was observed, thereby justifying the screening of such patients for tuberculosis.

Feasibility Of Attaining Health For All By The Year 2010 In Nigeria

¹A. M. Fapohunda, ²M. O. Onuzo
¹Department of Business Administration,University of Lagos.
²Life Support Medical Centre, G.R.A., Ikeja.

Correspondence: A. M. Fapohunda

ABSTRACT

This study examines the feasibility of attaining health for all by the year 2010 in Nigeria and suggests strategies for its accomplishment.

Data were collected through the administration of questionnaires on workers from both the private and public sectors and through personal interviews of medical consultants in the Federal Ministry of Health in Lagos.

Findings showed that health-care is currently unaffordable for the masses, that the present infrastructure such as water and sanitation are inadequate and that the present level of political commitment to health issues, is low.

The conclusion has been that the goal of health for all by the year 2010 is not feasible. A wide promotion of health education, strong financial and political commitment by Government and a general rise of real wages are suggested agents for the future accomplishment of the goal.

Adult Intussusception In An Intramembranous Jejunum

N. Eke
Department of Surgery
University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria

ABstract

A 38 year-old man presented with a long history on intermittent epigastric abdominal pain. He had been treated empirically for peptic ulcer disease. His symptoms included severe pain, abdominal distension and vomiting. There was a palpable epigastric mass. The symptoms worsened so rapidly to warrant emergency laparotomy without definitive diagnostic investigations. The mass contained a jejuno-jejunal intussusception within a membrane. Enterotomy was necessary to enable reduction of the intussusception. Intestinal resection was done because of an unviable intestinal segment. The literature is reviewed.

Is Priapism Really A Surgical Emergency?

F. O. Adetayo
Department of Surgery
College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Nigeria

ABSTRACT

Fifty-six (56) patients with 60 episodes of priapism treated surgically over a 14 year period were studied. The aim was to determine whether this condition is a surgical emergency or not. The mean age of the patients was 23.6+8.7 years.

All the patients who had their priapism relieved within 24 hours (one day) of onset were potent post-operatively while 94% of those treated within two days of onset retained their potency. The potency rate was found to decrease with increasing duration of priapism before treatment.

However, there was no statistically significant difference in the potency rates of those treated within two days and those treated between two and four days (x2 = 1.42). Also the difference in potency rate of those treated between two and four days; and four and six days was not statistically significant (x2 = 0.45).

A control trial with a larger series is needed to confirm these findings.

Management Of Diarrhoea And Impact Of Health Education In Agboyi, A Peri-Urban Community With A High Prevalence Of Diarrhoea

¹A.O. Bamgbala, ²A.T. Onajole, ³I. S. Abdulraheem and ⁴O. Odusote
¹Institute of Child Health & Primary Care, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Idi-Araba.
²Department of Community Health, LUTH, Idi-Araba College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Nigeria.
³Department of Epidemiology and Community Health, Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin.
⁴Department of Paediatrics, LUTH, Idi-Araba.

Correspondence: A. O. Bamgbala

Abstract

This study was designed to assess the method of management of diarrhoea by mothers of pre-school children, their knowledge of the preparation of sugar salt solution and the impact of health education on the level of awareness and practice of these mothers who are fully resident in a peri-urban community.

Two hundred and twenty three mothers with pre-school children were interviewed. The prevalence of diarrhoea amongst the pre school children over the preceeding one month of the study was as high as 46%. Up to 50% knew infection was the major cause however only 33% would normally use ORS or SSS. Fewer than half of the studied population actually knew the correct quantities of sugar, salt and water. As many as 20% of preschool children were either wasted or stunted (i.e. malnourished). Health education was found to have a significant impact on the awareness and proper practice of these mothers.

It is recommended that repeated training and health education be given to these mothers on the prevention and proper management of diarrhoea disease to achieve the recommended decade goals.

Hepatic Granulomas In Nigeria: What Aetiological Factors Do We Consider?

J.O. Ogunbiyi
Department of Pathology,
University College Hospital,Ibadan, Nigeria
Correspondence: J.O. Ogunbiyi

Abstract

Background: Granulomas are said to be present in 3% to 15% of liver biopsies with incidence figures varying by geographical location of study. In this organ, they represent an end point of a spectrum of insults, including infection, drug reaction, and other idiopathic causes. Our review of the literature does not reveal any specific report of granulomatous hepatitis from Nigeria.

Objectives: To describe granulomas in the liver and the associated aetiological factors in Ibadan, Nigera

Data Resources: We reviewed liver biopsy specimens received in the pathology department of the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria over a 10-year period (1983-1992).

Study Selection and Data Extraction: Cases classified as granulomas were retrieved and further studied with relevant data extracted from histopathology request forms.

Data Synthesis: Liver biopsy specimens represented 1.4% of all surgical biopsy specimens reported, and granulomas constituted 6.2% of liver biopsy specimens. Specific infectious causes of hepatic granuloma represent about 50% of cases in this series and tuberculosis was in the majority constituting 12.8% of hepatic granulomas, closely followed by Schistosomiasis, which represented 10.3% of cases. Idiopathic granulomas in this series represent about 26% of cases but the roles of the common usage drugs, native concoctions, and hepatitis C virus infection are unknown in this population.

Conclusion: The diagnosis of granulomatous hepatitis should prompt an extensive inquisition into drug use habit. It would also seem appropriate to call for the establishment of a screening programme for hepatitis C and other newly described viruses in our country since hepatitis C and D viruses cause infections that progress commonly to chronic liver disease and cancer.

Assessment of Periodontal Status of Nigerian Factory Workers In Relation To Cigarette Smoking In Lagos

¹ K.O. Savage, ² B.M. Afolabi and ¹ M.O. John
¹Department of Preventive Dentistry, School of Dental Sciences, College of Medicine, Lagos, Nigeria
²Nigerian Institute of Medical Research (NIMR) Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria.

Correspondence: K.O. Savage

Abstract

Two hundred and sixty two factory workers (158 males and 104 females) were seen at two different urban settings in Lagos. Forty six (46) were identified as smokers and majority (44) of these were males. Using the Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN) Ainamo et al, 1982). The periodontal status was found to be poor with the majority of smokers and non-smokers presenting with calculus deposits (Code 2). However, more smokers had poorer periodontal status by scoring CPITN maximum codes 3 and 4. The mean calculus scores of Oral Hygiene Index (Green and Vermillon) in the smokers was significantly higher than that of non-smokers (p<0.05). The mean Oral Hygiene Index in smokers was higher than non-smokers with a statistically significant difference (P<0.05). Concerning the sex distribution, there was no statistically significant difference in the mean Oral Hygiene Index of female and male smokers whilst the converse was true for non-smokers. Counselling on cessasion of smoking on individual, and at Community Level is advocated. Preventive measures by giving oral health education and employment of audio-visual methods to show the oral effects of smoking should be encouraged by Oral health personnels.

Serum And Red Cell Folate Levels Of Paediatric Sicklers In Painful And Anaemic Crises

A. O. Akinsulie
Department of Paediatrics
College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.

Correspondence: A. O. Akinsulie

SUMMARY

Patients with sickle cell anaemia aged between one and ten years had their Red Cell Folate (RCF) and Serum Folate (SF) levels analysed. They comprised 32 sicklers in painful crises and 30 sicklers in anaemic crises all of whom were already on daily 5mg folic acid supplementation. The mean RCF of 208.0nmol/L in sicklers in painful crises was significantly high compared to the mean value of 154.4nmo1/L in the control (P<0.05). However the mean SF level (4.1nmol/L) of sicklers in painful crises was significantly lower than that of the control. The mean RCF of 138.5nmo1/L in the sicklers in anaemic crises was lower than that of the control (though not statistically significant P>0.05; while their mean SF (2.1nmo1/L) was significantly lower than that of the control. On the basis of these findings, it is suggested that the practice of supplementing the sicklers with daily 5mg folic acid should continue, and it should be given twice daily in the case of anaemic crises.

Mortality In Childhood Tuberculosis In Benin City, Nigeria - Analysis Of 23 Cases

O. Oviawe
Institute of Child Health,
University of Benin,
Benin-City, Nigeria

Correspondence: O. Oviawe

Abstract

Two hundred and nine consecutive cases of childhood tuberculosis seen at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City between January 1993 and December 1997 were retrospectively analysed with a view to documenting trend in tuberculosis related deaths, their epidemiology and predictors of mortality. The case fatality rate was 11.0% and more males than females were involved. Mean duration of symptoms among the deceased (8.3+1.7 weeks) was markedly different from that of survivors (22.8+6.0 weeks) (p>0.05).

Features that occurred significantly more among the deceased included persisting fever, respiratory difficulty, hepatomegaly, pallor, digital clubbing, pedal oedema, ascitis, marked wasting and altered sensorium. Similarly, children with disseminated Tb, miliary Tb and tuberculous meningitis were more likely to die. These features were complications of Tb and represent effects of chronicity. The realisation of such factors may improve case management of Tb if adequately addressed.

The Relationship Between Cholelithiasis And Laboratory Indices Of Haemolysis In Nigerian Patients With sickle Cell Anaemia

¹O. A. Ajose and ²R. F. Ogundipe
¹Department of Clinical Pathology Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos Nigeria
²Department of Medicine Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria

Correspondence: O. A. Ajose

Summary

The relationship between the occurrence of cholelithiasis (gall stones) and laboratory indices of haemolysis in sickle cell anaemia (Hbss), was examined by determining the level of foetal haemoglobin, steady state haematocrit, reticulocyte count and serum bilirubin, in sicklers with and without ultrasonographic evidence of cholelithiasis.

One hundred and forty-six (146) unselected, consecutive Hb ss patients, comprising 66 males and 80 females, aged between 5 and 30 years and attending both paediatric and adult sickle cell clinics of the Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria were studied. All the subjects were screened for gall stones by ultrasonography. Sickle cell anaemia patients without gall stones served as controls.

Cholelithiasis was diagnosed in 24 of the 146 subjects representing a prevalence rate of 16.4%. There were no significant differences in mean steady state haematocrit, foetal haemoglobin, serum bilirubin and reticulocyte counts between the test and control subjects.

Foetal haemoglobin, haematocrit, serum bilirubin and reticulocyte count are not associated risk factors for cholelithiasis in sickle cell anaemia patients (Hbss).

Spinal Metastasis of Wilm's Tumuor: An unusual Occurrence

E. U. Onifade and O. K. Ayonrinde
Department of Paediatrics
Lagos University Teaching Hospital
Idi-Araba, Lagos

Correspondence: E. U. Onifade

Abstract

Background: Metastasis of the Wilm's tumor is usually to surrounding tissue, the lungs and the liver. Rarely is there spread to bone, bone-marrow, spinal canal and other tissues, but this unusual mode of spread sometimes occurs.

Objectives: To report a case of Wilm's tumuor complicated by spastic paraplegia consequent to spinal metastasis and to highlight the problems encountered in the management.

Subject and Findings: a 3-year-girl presented with metastatic Wilm's tumuor, and unusual involvement of the spinal canal resulting in spastic paraplegia within 4 weeks of onset of symptomatology. She made appreciable clinical improvement with combination chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery, but was yet to regain full function of both lower limbs at the time of her “irregular” discharge.

The Role Of The Clinical Librarian In Patient Management

¹M. A. Iruoje, ² J.K. Renner and ¹ O. J. Akinade
¹ Medical Library
²Department of Paediatrics
College of Medicine, University of Lagos.

Correspondence: J. K. Renner

Abstract

The usefulness of the Clinical librarian (CL) in obtaining relevant information for patient management was assessed over a period of six months. The responses of the CL and Resident Doctors (RD) in finding answers to questions raised during ward rounds were compared. Specifically, the number of literature materials provided in response, the time it took for answers to be provided and the value of the answers were compared.

The result shows that the CL responded 100% of the time, while the RD provided 33% response. The average time it took the CL to respond was 3.9 days and 2 1/2 days for the RD. 60% of the information provided by the CL were useful. The overall assessment of the responses showed that the CL has more statistically significant responses than the RD (P<0.001). It is therefore, concluded that the CL can play significant role in hospital patient care.

The Efficacy And Tolerability OF Paroxetine In The Treatment Of Depression In Nigeria

¹J. D Adeyemi,²J. U. Ohaeri, ³A. Obembe. ⁴O. O. Odusanya and ⁵Y Dutheil
¹Department of Psychiatry, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Harvey Road, Yaba, Lagos ^|
2Department of Psychiatry, University College Hospital, Ibadan
³Department of Psychiarty, Uthman Dan Fodio University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto
⁴SmithKline Beecham Nig. Plc, Ikeja, Lagos
⁵SmithKline Beecham International, Nanterre, France

Correspondence: J. D. Adeyemi

SUMMARY

Objective: To investigate the efficacy and tolerability of Paroxetine in Nigerians with depression.

Methods: Longitudinal recruitment of 76 newly diagnosed patients suffering from major depression (DSM III-R). Patients were treated with Paroxetine 20mg once daily. Assessment was done on day 21 & day 42 of therapy, using the clinical Global Impression scale (CGIS) and the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD).

Results: Clinical response was achieved by 76.1% of the subjects as defined for the CGIS and 85% using 2 different criteria for the HAMD. Group of symptoms such as core depressive, somatic, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive and paranoid symptoms all responded remarkably. Mean HAMD scores on days 0, 21 and 42 were 28.00 +/- 6.65, 7.63 +/-6.35, 3.54 +/-5.18 respectively. Minor self-limiting adverse experiences were reported by 13 individuals for whom treatment was not discontinued.

Conclusion: Paroxetine is efficacious in the management of major depression in Nigeria.

How Safe is Measles Immunization Of Sick Children?

C. Ogbonna
Community Health Dept.
Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Nigeria.

Abstract

A prospective study to ascertain how safe is maeales immunization of sick children was carried out in Jos University Teaching Hospital, Family Health Centre. Out of 125 children who were vaccinated against measles 17(16%) were sick at the time of vaccination. Two (12%) of the sick children had post vaccination reaction. 19(18%) of the well children had similar postvaccination reaction. The attitude of some health workers in withholding measles vaccine from sick children should be discouraged.

Chloroquine-Chlorpheniramine Interaction In Human Malaria

¹C.A. Okonkwo, ²H.A.B. Coker, ¹P.U. Agomo, ¹C.O. Agomo, ³R. Anyanwu, ¹V. N. Asianya, ¹S.K. Akindele.
¹Biochemistry Division, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria.
²Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Medicine of the University of Lagos, Nigeria.
³Emzor Pharmaceutical Industries, Lagos, Nigeria.

Correspondence: H. A. B. Coker

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of chloroquine-chlorpheniramine (CQ-CP) combination therapy on the efficacy and disposition of chloroquine (CQ) in acute uncomplicated malaria. A 3-day standard treatment with 25 mg CQ base per kilogram body weight alone or in combination with chlorpheniramine (CP) was orally administered to 17 semi-immune Nigerian children with Plasmodium falciparum parasitemia, attending the Massey Street Children's Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria. Parasitemia was determined on thick blood films stained with Giemsa, and treatment failures were established following the WHO classification for CQ resistance. Whole blood CQ concentrations were monitored at pre-determined intervals during the 28 days of follow-up using blood dried on filter-paper. Treatment with CQ-CP combination resulted in a shorter parasite clearance time (2.0 ± 0.5 d) & a higher cure rate (87.5%) compared to treatment with CQ alone (3.5 ± 0.5 d; 66.7%). CQ pharmacokinetic parameters: maximum drug concentration (Cmax) and the area under the first-moment drug-concentration-time curve (AUMC) were significantly increased (p < 0.01; p < 0.001 respectively) by CP administration while the time to achieve the peak was reduced in the presence of CP. We conclude that administration of CP increased CQ uptake as judged by an increase in the maximum concentration (Cmax) and a decrease in the time to attain the concentration (Tmax), as well as an increase in the area under the curve, which signifies increased systemic availability of CQ in the presence of CP.

Non-Sedating Anti-Convulsant Activity Of Piper Guineense In Mice

R. B. Ashorobi and O. S. Akintoye
Department of Pharmacology
University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.

Correspondence: R. B. Ashorobi

Abstract

The activity of aqueous extract of Piper guineense was tested against bicuculline induced seizure in albino mice. Intraperitoneal (ip) administration of 6mg/kg and 7.5mg/kg of bicuculline (BCCL) produced 60 and 100% convulsion and death in the treated mice. Pretreatment of mice with the extract (500 - 750mg/kg) ip delayed the onset of seizure and protected the mice against bicuculline induced seizure and death. Neither of the two doses of Piper guineense has effect on barbiturate sleeping time when given simultaneously nor cause any impairment of performance in mice on a rotarod treadmill test. The data obtained indicate that the anticonvulsant activity of the aqueous extract is dose selective and that effects other than Gaba inhibition may play a role in its anticonvulsant effect.

Effect of Lead Exposure On Egg Production, Quality and hatchability In Quail Birds (Coturnix Japonica)

¹S. Modu, ¹B. S. Binta and ²A. U. Mani
¹Department of Biochemistry College of Medical Sciences
²Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Vet. Medicine, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri

Correspondence: S. Modu

Abstract

Thirty Quail birds (9 males and 21 females) weighing between (50-55g) and (115-125g) were divided into three groups in a ratio 3:7 as males and females maintained on normal standard diet (ECWA feeds Jos) and water ad-libitum.

Birds in groups II, test I and groups III, test II were exposed to lead acetate (0.05%) at the ages of two and eight weeks (postnatal & maturity onset) respectively. The experiment lasted for 13 weeks.

Fluid and feed intake was monitored daily as well as body weight gain/loss. Egg quality was determined using egg quality factors, as egg weight, shell thickness, Haugh unit, albumin index and some biochemical parameters of the egg content.

No significant difference was observed in the mean fluid and feed intake in the two treatment groups compared to control group.

The weekly body weight was lower in the treatment groups (T1 & T11) compared to normal control, with the test I group being more pronounced and was statistically significant (P<0.05).

The egg quality was low both in terms of the physical and chemical analysis in the treatment groups (T1 & T11) compared to control and was statistically significant (P< 0.05).

Hatchability was also subsequently low, with lowest observed in test, 1, compared to normal control group and was statistically significant (P<0.05).

Haematobiochemical Changes In albino Rats Infected With Trypanosoma Brucei Brucei

¹O. A. Adisa, ²O. A. Ajayi, ³N. C. Awujo and ³B. N. Thomas

¹Department of Pathology Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos
²Department of Zoology, University of Jos
³Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology College of Medicine, University of Lagos Lagos, Idi-Araba.

Correspondence: N. C. Awujo

Abstract

Some haematological and biochemical implications of Trypanosoma brucei infection was studied using Wistar albino rats. The haematological parameters studied are the white blood cell (WBC) count, which was used as an index of the presence and level of infection, and packed cell volume (PCV) which was used as an index of the presence and level of anaemia, while biochemical parameters assayed are sodium ions (Na+), potassium ions (K+), bicarbonate ions (HCO-3) and urea. These analyses were carried out on both experimental and control groups. there was an increase in WBC count in rats infected with trypanosomes and an associated decrease in PCV. Although all the biochemical parameters were observed to be on the increase in the infected groups than in the control group the analysis of variance (ANOVA) of these findings showed that they are statistically insignificant at P=0.05.

Effect Of The Extracts Of Musanga Cecropioidis Budsheath On The Contractility Of The Rat Uterus

¹O.S. Odesanmi, ¹O.A. Magbagbeola and ²B.J. Adegunloye
¹Department of Biochemistry
²Department of Physiology
College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Idi-Araba.

Corresponding Author: O. S. Odesanmi

Abstract

The effect of the water, ethanol and chloroform extracts of the stipular Budsheath of Musanga cecropiodis (cecropiaceae) on the contractility of the isolated uterine rings was investigated. Water extract of Musanga cecropioidis did not show any effect on the contractility of the uterus. However, the ethanol solution of the ethanolic extract significantly reduced and even completely abolished the contractile responses induced by either oxytocin, acetylcholine or serotonin. The ethanol solution of the chloroform extract also caused inhibition of the contraction induced by oxytocin but the effect was not as marked as that of the ethanol solution of the ethanolic extract.

Complex Odontomes: Report Of Two Cases

B. Obisesan, J. A.Akinwande and T. O. Adedoja
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery,
Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria.

Correspondence: J.A. Akinwande

SUMMARY

Odontomes have been said to be the commonest odontogenic tumours. However, they are poorly documented in this environment. We reported two cases of large complex odontomes to highlight the clinical features, radiologic appearance and surgical management. A case is made for the use of intravenous sedation and need to simplify surgical techniques to accommodate teaming poor patients. Literature regarding the subject has been briefly reviewed.

Imaging The Complications Of Paget's Disease Of Bones In A Nigerian Woman

¹G.-O. G. Awosanya., ²D. A. Oke. and ³S. O. Giwa
¹Department of Radiodiagnosis
²Department of Medicine
³Department of Surgery

Correspondence: G. O. G. Awosanya

Abstract

To illustrate the plain radiographic and CT features of paget's disease and enumerate the complications in a 72 year old woman A W who presented with deafness intermitent headache, increasing head size and progressive tiredness on mild exertion. The skull and chest radiographs, CT scan and echocardiography with their findings are highlighted so as to increase awareness and index of suspicion in physicians to this relatively rare bone disease. Classical features were illustrated on plain skull radiograph and CT Scan. Echocardiography revealed left ventricular hypertrophy and paradoxical septal motion suggestive of pulmonary hypertension.