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Zimbabwe Veterinary Journal
Vol. 31, No. 2/3 QUARTERLY
September, 2000
Zimbabwe
Veterinary Journal, Vol. 31, no 2/3, 2000 pp45-56.
ABSTRACT
M. Mavenyengwa, J. Nqindi, R. Madekurozwa, F.
Chitate, T. Munyombwe and C. Ncube: Locally Available
Grains As Carriers Of Newcastle Disease V4 Vaccine In
Zimbabwe: An Experimental Trial
Laboratory trials were conducted to evaluate the
potential of locally available grains as vehicles for the
administration of the Australian Heat Resistant V4
vaccine. Feeds tested included millet, sunflower, crushed
maize, rapoko, barley, sorghum and rice. One hundred and
fifty four indigenous chickens were randomly divided into
treatment groups according to the number of feeds tested.
Each trial group was vaccinated six times orally at
monthly intervals. Haemagglutination inhibition test
titres and challenge experiment were used to monitor
effectiveness of the vaccination strategy. Rapoko
performed as the best vaccine carrier, giving protection
levels of up to 80% after the sixth vaccination. The
other grains tested gave protection levels ranging from
0% to 67% after the sixth vaccination. These results
demonstrate that locally available grains should not be
used as V4 vaccine carriers for effective control of
Newcastle disease in the field as it takes too long to
reach protection levels.
Zimbabwe
Veterinary Journal, Vol. 31, no 2/3, 2000 pp57-64
ABSTRACT
A. H. Siwela, A. Shonhai, C. M. Foggin and Brigitte
Revol: Establishment Of Baseline Values Of Copper,
Zinc And Manganese In Ostriches In Zimbabwe: A
Preliminary Study
Ostrich (Struthio camelus) sera from apparently
302 healthy birds on 32 different farms around the
country were analysed for three essential trace elements
(copper, zinc and manganese) by atomic absorption
spectrometry with the objective establishing baseline
values which could be used as guidelines in the diagnosis
of deficiency or toxicity of the trace elements in
ostriches. Trace elements levels in ostrich sera were
also determined according to age groups i.e chicks,
growers and breeders. Comparisons were also done to
determine whether the geographical regions had any
influence on the levels of the trace elements in the
different categories of birds. Results indicated
significant variations with regard to age and
geographical region variations in the level of copper. No
significant age variations were evident for manganese
levels but regional differences were noted. Zinc levels
did not show significant geographical differences but
variation in the concentration of the trace element
according to age was strongly evident.
Zimbabwe
Veterinary Journal, Vol. 31, no 2/3, 2000 pp65-72
ABSTRACT
M-C. Madekurozwa, M. Purton and J. S. Boyd:
Re-Examination Of Horn Innervation In Cattle Using
Fluorogold
Fluorogold, a neurotracer was applied to horn-bases of
two calves and two 15-month-old heifers. The neurotracer
was taken up by cut nerves, and was then transported in a
retrograde manner along the nerves. The inspection of
nerve sections under the fluorescence microscope revealed
Fluorogold granules in the zygomaticotemporal and
infratrochlear nerves of all four animals, as well as in
the frontal nerve of a single animal. Fluorogold granules
were not present in either the frontal sinus nerve or the
cervical nerves. These preliminary results suggest that,
in cattle, the zygomaticotemporal nerve is not the only
nerve supplying the horn base.
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